TOOLS · GLOSSARY
Conveyor Belt — Belt Conveyor Glossary
48 terms on Conveyor Belt, each with its working definition, the governing symbol or formula where one exists, and a link to the standard behind it.
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48 terms
Conveyor belt
Endless reinforced band (fabric, PVC or steel-cord) that carries the load.
Belt width
The main dimension that sets capacity; common widths 650–2000 mm.
Belt carcass
Fabric (EP/NN) or steel-cord reinforcement that carries the tension.
Belt cover
Top and bottom rubber layers that protect the carcass from wear and impact; graded by abrasion class.
Steel-cord belt
High-strength belt with steel cables for long, high-power conveyors.
Fabric (EP / NN) belt
Multi-ply belt with a polyester/nylon (EP) or nylon/nylon (NN) fabric carcass.
Belt edge
The side of the belt; most damage starts here from misalignment and spillage.
Belt splice
Joint between belt ends — vulcanized (strongest) or mechanical.
Belt elongation
Permanent stretch under tension; it sets the take-up travel needed.
Belt troughability
How well the belt folds into the idler trough (tested to ISO 703); it affects capacity and tracking.
Transition distance
Distance over which the belt goes from flat at the pulley to troughed at the idlers; too short over-stresses the edge.
Cover grade
Abrasion-resistance class of the cover rubber (e.g. DIN 22102 W/H, ISO 14890 H/S); it sets wear life.
EP belt (polyester/nylon)
Fabric belt with polyester warp and nylon weft — low stretch, the general-purpose workhorse.
NN belt (nylon/nylon)
All-nylon fabric belt with excellent impact and fatigue resistance but higher stretch.
CC belt (cotton/cotton)
Cotton-carcass belt for light, short conveyors; low strength and moisture-sensitive.
Chevron / cleated belt
Belt with raised cleats or chevrons that lets it convey up steep inclines.
Sidewall belt
Belt with corrugated sidewalls for steep or vertical conveying and clean edges.
Pipe (tubular) belt
Belt that curls into a closed tube, enclosing the material and allowing tight curves.
Heat-resistant belt
Belt with heat-resistant covers for clinker, sinter and hot coke; graded by temperature.
Oil-resistant belt
Belt with nitrile covers that resist swelling from oils and greases.
Flame-resistant belt
Belt that will not sustain flame; mandatory underground in coal mines.
Antistatic belt
Belt with controlled surface resistance to dissipate static in explosive atmospheres.
Cold-resistant belt
Belt with low-temperature rubber that stays flexible below −40 °C.
Abrasion-resistant belt
Belt with a high-abrasion cover grade for ore, clinker and stone.
Cover thickness
Top and bottom rubber thickness; the top cover carries the wear and sets belt life.
Number of plies
Fabric layers in the carcass; sets the belt strength class (e.g. EP 2, 3, 4).
Belt tension rating
Rated breaking strength per unit width (N/mm); selected with a safety factor on working tension.
Belt mass per metre
Weight of the belt per running metre; enters the power and idler-load checks.
Belt elongation at break
Strain at failure; high for NN, low for EP and steel cord.
Belt elastic modulus
Stiffness of the belt under tension; used to compute take-up travel and starting stretch.
Belt edge rubber
Sealed rubber edge that protects the carcass from moisture ingress.
Belt breaker fabric
Extra fabric in the cover or carcass that resists rips and impact cuts.
Belt rip detection
System (loops or tags) that trips the conveyor when the belt is cut through.
Belt turnover
Rotating the belt through 180° so both covers wear evenly and the dirty side stays clean.
Belt cleaning degree
Residual carry-back left after cleaning, usually quoted in g/m².
Belt storage & ageing
Rolls stored cool, dry and shaded; rubber ages faster under UV and ozone.
Belt life
Service period before replacement; driven by cover wear, carcass fatigue and splices.
Belt cover grade M
Wear-resistant cover for sharp, abrasive loads such as lump ore and crushed rock.
Belt cover grade N
Standard general-purpose cover for mildly abrasive, non-oily bulk materials — the normal choice for aggregates.
Belt cover grade W
Oil- and grease-resistant cover for grain, wood chips and recycled streams, where swelling would ruin a standard belt.
Belt cover grade X
Extra-heavy abrasion grade; the choice where the CEMA material class is heavy or very heavy.
Belt cover grade Y
Extreme abrasion grade for primary crushed ore and sharp slag, at a higher cost per metre.
Belt cover grade Z
Heat-resistant cover for hot clinker, sinter and cement, typically rated to 120–200 °C depending on the compound.
EP carcass
Polyester warp with polyamide weft. The default general-purpose carcass: low stretch in service, good rip resistance.
NN carcass
Polyamide warp and weft. Very high impact and fatigue resistance but stretches noticeably, so long centres need more take-up.
ST carcass (steel cord)
Steel cord carcass for high-tension, long overland and high-lift conveyors where fabric belts cannot carry the load.
Belt cover thickness
Thickness of the top and bottom rubber layers. Service life at an abrasive transfer point is almost linear in top cover thickness.
Belt ply rating
Number of fabric plies in the carcass; each ply contributes a fixed tensile strength per unit width.
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