TOOLS · GLOSSARY
Fastening & Splices — Belt Conveyor Glossary
57 terms on Fastening & Splices, each with its working definition, the governing symbol or formula where one exists, and a link to the standard behind it.
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57 terms
Vulcanised splice
Belt ends joined by heat and pressure; strongest and smoothest joint.
Mechanical splice
Belt ends joined by metal fasteners; quick to fit, weaker than vulcanised.
Finger splice
Interlocking finger joint for steel-cord and thick belts.
Step splice
Splice where plies are stepped to spread the load across the joint.
Splice efficiency
Strength of a splice as a percentage of the belt's own strength.
Belt fastener (clips)
Metal clips that join belt ends mechanically for light duty.
Hinge-pin joint
Belt fastener with a removable pin, allowing quick belt changes.
Bolt-solid plate fastener
Fastener with plates bolted through the belt; strong and reusable.
Splice kit
Field kit with rubber, cement and tools for a vulcanised joint.
Vulcanising press
Heated press that cures a vulcanised splice in the field.
Belt clamp
Device that holds belt ends during splicing or tensioning.
Belt puller
Winch that pulls a new belt into place along the conveyor.
Bolt & nut grade
Strength class of fasteners (e.g. 8.8); chosen to match the joint load.
Lock nut
Nut that resists loosening under vibration.
Spring washer
Split washer that keeps bolted joints tight under vibration.
Key and keyway
Means of transmitting torque between shaft and hub.
Shrink-fit connection
Interference fit produced by heating the hub and shrinking it onto the shaft.
Coupling flange
Bolted flange joining shafts or shells.
Take-up bolt
Screw that adjusts take-up or bearing position.
Torque wrench
Tool that tightens bolts to a set torque.
Thread locker
Adhesive that stops threaded fasteners loosening.
Anti-seize compound
Compound that prevents galling and eases later dismantling.
Hex bolt M8 8.8
Standard frame and bracket bolt, coarse thread; tighten to about 25 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M10 8.8
Idler bracket and skirt bolt; tighten to about 49 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M12 8.8
General structural bolt on conveyors; tighten to about 86 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M14 8.8
Frame and pulley-plummer bolt; tighten to about 136 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M16 8.8
Heavy structural connection; tighten to about 210 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M18 8.8
Flange and gearbox-foot bolt; tighten to about 290 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M20 8.8
Structural steelwork bolt; tighten to about 410 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M22 8.8
Heavy frame bolt; tighten to about 550 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M24 8.8
Heavy structural connection; tighten to about 710 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M27 8.8
Large frame and tower bolt; tighten to about 1050 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M30 8.8
Transfer-tower and heavy base bolt; tighten to about 1450 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M33 8.8
Heavy base connection; tighten to about 1910 N·m dry.
Hex bolt M36 8.8
Largest common frame bolt; tighten to about 2450 N·m dry.
Bolt property class 8.8
Standard metric bolt class: 800 MPa nominal tensile, 640 MPa yield. The conveyor default.
Bolt property class 10.9
High-strength class: 1000 MPa nominal tensile, 900 MPa yield; used for drive and pulley joints.
Flange bolt
Bolt with an integrated serrated flange that resists loosening without a washer.
Stud bolt
Threaded stud used where a through-bolt cannot be fitted, e.g. bearing blocks.
U-bolt
Stirrup bolt that clamps a pipe, cable or rail to a frame.
Plough bolt
Countersunk, low-head bolt with a square or oval neck that sits flush in a wear liner.
Elevator bolt
Flat, countersunk-head bolt used to fasten elevator buckets and thin plates.
Square-neck bolt
Bolt whose square neck locks into a slot so it cannot rotate during tightening.
Nyloc nut
Prevailing-torque nut with a nylon insert that resists vibration loosening.
Nord-Lock washer
Two-part wedge-locking washer pair for high-vibration joints such as idler brackets.
Thread-locking compound
Anaerobic adhesive that cures in the thread gap and stops bolts backing out.
Hot vulcanised splice
Splice cured under heat and pressure in a vulcanising press; highest strength and longest life.
Cold vulcanised splice
Splice bonded with a two-part cold adhesive; no press required, good for field repairs.
Mechanical fastener splice
Belt ends joined by bolt-plate or hook fasteners; quick to fit with lower strength.
Bolt-plate fastener
Hinged or solid plate fastened through the belt with bolts; common for thick fabric belts.
Wire hook fastener
U-shaped wire hooks clinched into the belt and joined by a hinge pin; thin belts only.
Staple fastener
Staples driven through the belt carcass from the top; fast to install, moderate strength.
Stepped splice
Splice where each fabric ply is stepped back one pitch so the joint thickness stays uniform.
Bias splice
Splice cut at an angle, normally 60–75°, so the joint crosses the belt diagonally and runs smoother.
Splice length
Total overlap of a spliced joint; roughly equal to belt width for multi-ply fabric belts.
Bolt-hinge fastener
Reusable hinged-plate splice tightened with bolts. Field-fitted without a press; about 60–75 % of belt strength.
Plate fastener
Flat plates bolted through the belt from both sides. Cheap and quick on thin belts, but a hard spot over pulleys.
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